Table of Contents
What is an Irregular Verb?
Irregular verbs list are verbs that do not follow the standard pattern or form of a regular verb when changing into the past or past participle form, which is why they are called irregular.
See more at: Verbs
Irregular Verbs List: V1, V2, V3
Some irregular verbs have a similar form as a regular verb, but their meaning is different. Some irregular verbs have a completely different past tense or past participle form. Irregular verbs are used in both the present and the past tenses.
Irregular verbs are a challenge for many learners of English. They have a different form from regular verbs and it is difficult to remember them.
Irregular verbs are the exception to the rule, as they don’t follow the same pattern as regular verbs. Irregular verbs also make up about 20% of all English verbs, so it’s important to know how to use them correctly in order to avoid mistakes.
One way that you can learn irregular verb usage is through memorization and repetition. If you’re not sure whether a verb is irregular or not, let’s EnglishAwesome list the most common irregular verbs list below.
Base Form V1 | Past Simple V2 | Past Participle V3 | |
1 | abide | abode/abided | abode/abided |
2 | arise | arose | arisen |
3 | awake | awoke | awoken |
4 | backslide | backslid | backslidden/backslid |
5 | be | was/were | been |
6 | bear | bore | borne |
7 | beat | beat | beaten/beat |
8 | become | became | become |
9 | befall | befell | befallen |
10 | begin | began | begun |
11 | behold | beheld | beheld |
12 | bend | bent | bent |
13 | beset | beset | beset |
14 | bespeak | bespoke | bespoken |
15 | bet | bet/betted | bet/betted |
16 | bid | bid | bid |
17 | bind | bound | bound |
18 | bite | bit | bitten |
19 | bleed | bled | bled |
20 | blow | blew | blown |
21 | break | broke | broken |
22 | breed | bred | bred |
23 | bring | brought | brought |
24 | broadcast | broadcast | broadcast |
25 | browbeat | browbeat | browbeaten/browbeat |
26 | build | built | built |
27 | burn | burnt/burned | burnt/burned |
28 | burst | burst | burst |
29 | bust | busted/bust | busted/bust |
30 | buy | bought | bought |
31 | cast | cast | cast |
32 | catch | caught | caught |
33 | chide | chid/chided | chid/chidden/chided |
34 | choose | chose | chosen |
35 | cleave | clove/cleft/cleaved | cloven/cleft/cleaved |
36 | cleave | clave | cleaved |
37 | cling | clung | clung |
38 | clothe | clothed/clad | clothed/clad |
39 | come | came | come |
40 | cost | cost | cost |
41 | creep | crept | crept |
42 | crossbreed | crossbred | crossbred |
43 | crow | crew/crewed | crowed |
44 | cut | cut | cut |
45 | daydream | daydreamed daydreamt |
daydreamed daydreamt |
46 | deal | dealt | dealt |
47 | dig | dug | dug |
48 | disprove | disproved | disproved/disproven |
49 | dive | dove/dived | dived |
50 | do | did | done |
51 | draw | drew | drawn |
52 | dream | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed |
53 | drink | drank | drunk |
54 | drive | drove | driven |
55 | dwell | dwelt | dwelt |
56 | eat | ate | eaten |
57 | fall | fell | fallen |
58 | feed | fed | fed |
59 | feel | felt | felt |
60 | fight | fought | fought |
61 | find | found | found |
62 | fit | fitted/fit | fitted/fit |
63 | flee | fled | fled |
64 | fling | flung | flung |
65 | fly | flew | flown |
66 | forbear | forbore | forborne |
67 | forbid | forbade/forbad | forbidden |
68 | forecast | forecast/forecasted | forecast/forecasted |
69 | forego (also forgo) | forewent | foregone |
70 | foresee | foresaw | forseen |
71 | foretell | foretold | foretold |
72 | forget | forgot | forgotten |
73 | forgive | forgave | forgiven |
74 | forsake | forsook | forsaken |
75 | freeze | froze | frozen |
76 | frostbite | frostbit | frostbitten |
77 | get | got | got/gotten |
78 | gild | gilt/gilded | gilt/gilded |
79 | gird | girt/girded | girt/girded |
80 | give | gave | given |
81 | go | went | gone |
82 | grind | ground | ground |
83 | grow | grew | grown |
84 | hand-feed | hand-fed | hand-fed |
85 | handwrite | handwrote | handwritten |
86 | hang | hung | hung |
87 | have | had | had |
88 | hear | heard | heard |
89 | heave | hove/heaved | hove/heaved |
90 | hew | hewed | hewn/hewed |
91 | hide | hid | hidden |
92 | hit | hit | hit |
93 | hurt | hurt | hurt |
94 | inbreed | inbred | inbred |
95 | inlay | inlaid | inlaid |
96 | input | input | input |
97 | inset | inset | inset |
98 | interbreed | interbred | interbred |
99 | interweave | interwove interweaved |
interwoven interweaved |
100 | interwind | interwound | interwound |
101 | jerry-build | jerry-built | jerry-built |
102 | keep | kept | kept |
103 | kneel | knelt/kneeled | knelt/kneeled |
104 | knit | knit/knitted | knit/knitted |
105 | know | knew | known |
106 | lay | laid | laid |
107 | lead | led | led |
108 | lean | leaned/leant | leaned/leant |
109 | leap | leapt | leapt |
110 | learn | learnt/learned | learnt/learned |
111 | leave | left | left |
112 | lend | lent | lent |
113 | let | let | let |
114 | lie | lay | lain |
115 | light | lit/lighted | lit/lighted |
116 | lip-read | lip-read | lip-read |
117 | lose | lost | lost |
118 | make | made | made |
119 | mean | meant | meant |
120 | meet | met | met |
121 | miscast | miscast | miscast |
122 | misdeal | misdealt | misdealt |
123 | misdo | misdid | misdone |
124 | mishear | misheard | misheard |
125 | mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
126 | mislead | misled | misled |
127 | mislearn | mislearned mislearnt |
mislearned mislearnt |
128 | misread | misread | misread |
129 | misset | misset | misset |
130 | misspeak | misspoke | misspoken |
131 | misspell | misspelt | misspelt |
132 | misspend | misspent | misspent |
133 | mistake | mistook | mistaken |
134 | misteach | mistaught | mistaught |
135 | misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood |
136 | miswrite | miswrote | miswritten |
137 | mow | mowed | mown/mowed |
138 | offset | offset | offset |
139 | outbid | outbid | outbid |
140 | outbreed | outbred | outbred |
141 | outdo | outdid | outdone |
142 | outdraw | outdrew | outdrawn |
143 | outdrink | outdrank | outdrunk |
144 | outdrive | outdrove | outdriven |
145 | outfight | outfought | outfought |
146 | outfly | outflew | outflown |
147 | outgrow | outgrew | outgrown |
148 | outleap | outleaped/outleapt | outleaped/outleapt |
149 | outlie | outlied | outlied |
150 | output | output | output |
151 | outride | outrode | outridden |
152 | outrun | outran | outrun |
153 | outsell | outsold | outsold |
154 | outshine | outshined/outshone | outshined/outshone |
155 | outshoot | outshot | outshot |
156 | outsing | outsang | outsung |
157 | outsit | outsat | outsat |
158 | outsleep | outslept | outslept |
159 | outsmell | outsmelled/outsmelt | outsmelled/outsmelt |
160 | outspeak | outspoke | outspoken |
161 | outspeed | outsped | outsped |
162 | outspend | outspent | outspent |
163 | outswear | outswore | outsworn |
164 | outswim | outswam | outswum |
165 | outthink | outthought | outthought |
166 | outthrow | outthrew | outthrown |
167 | outwrite | outwrote | outwritten |
168 | overbid | overbid | overbid |
169 | overbreed | overbred | overbred |
170 | overbuild | overbuilt | overbuilt |
171 | overbuy | overbought | overbought |
172 | overcome | overcame | overcome |
173 | overdo | overdid | overdone |
174 | overdraw | overdrew | overdrawn |
175 | overdrink | overdrank | overdrunk |
176 | overeat | overate | overeaten |
177 | overfeed | overfed | overfed |
178 | overfly | overflew | overflown |
179 | overhang | overhung | overhung |
180 | overhear | overheard | overheard |
181 | overlay | overlaid | overlaid |
182 | overpay | overpaid | overpaid |
183 | override | overrode | overridden |
184 | overrun | overran | overrun |
185 | oversee | oversaw | overseen |
186 | oversell | oversold | oversold |
187 | oversew | oversewed | oversewn/oversewed |
188 | overshoot | overshot | overshot |
189 | oversleep | overslept | overslept |
190 | overspeak | overspoke | overspoken |
191 | overspend | overspent | overspent |
192 | overspill | overspilled/overspilt | overspilled/overspilt |
193 | overtake | overtook | overtaken |
194 | overthink | overthought | overthought |
195 | overthrow | overthrew | overthrown |
196 | overwind | overwound | overwound |
197 | overwrite | overwrote | overwritten |
198 | partake | partook | partaken |
199 | pay | paid | paid |
200 | plead | pleaded/pled | pleaded/pled |
201 | prebuild | prebuilt | prebuilt |
202 | predo | predid | predone |
203 | premake | premade | premade |
204 | prepay | prepaid | prepaid |
205 | presell | presold | presold |
206 | preset | preset | preset |
207 | preshrink | preshrank | preshrunk |
208 | proofread | proofread | proofread |
209 | prove | proved | proven/proved |
210 | put | put | put |
211 | quick-freeze | quick-froze | quick-frozen |
212 | quit | quit/quitted | quit/quitted |
213 | read | read | read |
214 | reawake | reawoke | reawaken |
215 | rebid | rebid | rebid |
216 | rebind | rebound | rebound |
217 | rebroadcast | rebroadcast rebroadcasted |
rebroadcast rebroadcasted |
218 | rebuild | rebuilt | rebuilt |
219 | recast | recast | recast |
220 | recut | recut | recut |
221 | redeal | redealt | redealt |
222 | redo | redid | redone |
223 | redraw | redrew | redrawn |
224 | refit | refitted/refit | refitted/refit |
225 | regrind | reground | reground |
226 | regrow | regrew | regrown |
227 | rehang | rehung | rehung |
228 | rehear | reheard | reheard |
229 | reknit | reknitted/reknit | reknitted/reknit |
230 | relay | relaid | relaid |
231 | relay | relayed | relayed |
232 | relearn | relearned/relearnt | relearned/relearnt |
233 | relight | relit/relighted | relit/relighted |
234 | remake | remade | remade |
235 | rend | rent | rent |
236 | repay | repaid | repaid |
237 | reread | reread | reread |
238 | rerun | reran | rerun |
239 | resell | resold | resold |
240 | resend | resent | resent |
241 | reset | reset | reset |
242 | resew | resewed | resewn/resewed |
243 | retake | retook | retaken |
244 | reteach | retaught | retaught |
245 | retear | retore | retorn |
246 | retell | retold | retold |
247 | rethink | rethought | rethought |
248 | retread | retread | retread |
249 | retrofit | retrofitted/retrofit | retrofitted/retrofit |
250 | rewake | rewoke/rewaked | rewaken/rewaked |
251 | rewear | rewore | reworn |
252 | reweave | rewove/reweaved | rewoven/reweaved |
253 | rewed | rewed/rewedded | rewed/rewedded |
254 | rewet | rewet/rewetted | rewet/rewetted |
255 | rewin | rewon | rewon |
256 | rewind | rewound | rewound |
257 | rewrite | rewrote | rewritten |
258 | rid | rid | rid |
259 | ride | rode | ridden |
260 | ring | rang | rung |
261 | rise | rose | risen |
262 | roughcast | roughcast | roughcast |
263 | run | ran | run |
264 | sand-cast | sand-cast | sand-cast |
265 | saw | sawed | sawn |
266 | say | said | said |
267 | see | saw | seen |
268 | seek | sought | sought |
269 | sell | sold | sold |
270 | send | sent | sent |
271 | set | set | set |
272 | sew | sewed | sewn/sewed |
273 | shake | shook | shaken |
274 | shave | shaved | shaved/shaven |
275 | shear | sheared | shorn |
276 | shed | shed | shed |
277 | shine | shone | shone |
278 | shit | shit/shat/shitted | shit/shat/shitted |
279 | shoot | shot | shot |
280 | show | showed | shown/showed |
281 | shrink | shrank | shrunk |
282 | shut | shut | shut |
283 | sight-read | sight-read | sight-read |
284 | sing | sang | sung |
285 | sink | sank | sunk |
286 | sit | sat | sat |
287 | slay | slew | slain |
288 | sleep | slept | slept |
289 | slide | slid | slid |
290 | sling | slung | slung |
291 | slink | slunk | slunk |
292 | slit | slit | slit |
293 | smell | smelt | smelt |
294 | smite | smote | smitten |
295 | sneak | sneaked/snuck | sneaked/snuck |
296 | speak | spoke | spoken |
298 | speed | sped/speeded | sped/speeded |
299 | spell | spelt/spelled | spelt/spelled |
300 | spend | spent | spent |
301 | spill | spilt/spilled | spilt/spilled |
302 | spin | spun/span | spun |
303 | spoil | spoilt/spoiled | spoilt/spoiled |
304 | spread | spread | spread |
305 | stand | stood | stood |
305 | steal | stole | stolen |
306 | stick | stuck | stuck |
307 | sting | stung | stung |
308 | stink | stunk/stank | stunk |
309 | stride | strode | stridden |
310 | strike | struck | struck |
311 | string | strung | strung |
312 | sunburn | sunburned/sunburnt | sunburned/sunburnt |
313 | swear | swore | sworn |
314 | sweat | sweat/sweated | sweat/sweated |
315 | sweep | swept | swept |
316 | swell | swelled | swollen/swelled |
317 | swim | swam | swum |
318 | swing | swung | swung |
319 | take | took | taken |
320 | teach | taught | taught |
321 | tear | tore | torn |
322 | telecast | telecast | telecast |
323 | tell | told | told |
324 | think | thought | thought |
325 | throw | threw | thrown |
326 | thrust | thrust | thrust |
327 | tread | trod | trodden/trod |
328 | typewrite | typewrote | typewritten |
329 | unbend | unbent | unbent |
330 | unbind | unbound | unbound |
331 | unclothe | unclothed/unclad | unclothed/unclad |
332 | undercut | undercut | undercut |
333 | underfeed | underfed | underfed |
334 | undergo | underwent | undergone |
335 | underlie | underlay | underlain |
336 | understand | understood | understood |
337 | undertake | undertook | undertaken |
338 | underwrite | underwrote | underwritten |
339 | undo | undid | undone |
340 | unfreeze | unfroze | unfrozen |
341 | unhang | unhung | unhung |
342 | unhide | unhid | unhidden |
343 | unlearn | unlearned/unlearnt | unlearned/unlearnt |
344 | unspin | unspun | unspun |
345 | unwind | unwound | unwound |
346 | uphold | upheld | upheld |
347 | upset | upset | upset |
348 | wake | woke/waked | woken/waked |
349 | wear | wore | worn |
350 | wed | wed/wedded | wed/wedded |
351 | weep | wept | wept |
352 | wet | wet/wetted | wet/wetted |
353 | win | won | won |
354 | wind | wound | wound |
355 | withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
356 | withhold | withheld | withheld |
357 | withstand | withstood | withstood |
358 | work | worked | worked |
359 | wring | wrung | wrung |
360 | write | wrote | written |
See more at: Vocabulary
Download: Irregular Verbs List PDF
For the convenience of learning English irregular verbs. You can download the list of irregular verbs and print them out.
The Secret to Learning the Table of Irregular Verbs Effectively
You can completely recognize in this irregular verb that there are groups of words that are somewhat similar, such as groups of words related to “go” such as “go”, “undergo”,… will become “went”, “underwent” or “gone” and “undergone”,… Similarly, find similarities such as structure or semantics for group learning.
We will divide verbs into 5 main groups according to the principle:
Group 1: Verbs that do not change
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
beset | beset | beset |
bet | bet | bet |
beat | beat | beaten/beat |
bid | bid | bid |
burst | burst | burst |
cast | cast | cast |
cost | cost | cost |
cut | cut | cut |
hear | hear | hear |
hit | hit | hit |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
input | input | input |
inset | inset | inset |
………… | ………… | ………… |
Group 2: Past Simple verbs & Past Participle are the same
+ V2, V3 Ending in “ought” or “aught”
……⇒ _ought ⇒ _ought
…… ⇒ _aught ⇒ _aught
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
bring | brought | brought |
buy | bought | bought |
catch | caught | caught |
teach | taught | taught |
+ V1 ending with -ay goes to V2, V3 ending with -aid
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
lay | laid | laid |
mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
say | said | said |
overlay | overlaid | overlaid |
overpay | overpaid | overpaid |
prepay | prepaid | prepaid |
pay | paid | paid |
repay | repaid | repaid |
+ V2, V3 change the number of vowels ‘ee’ to ‘e’ and add or transform _t or _d at the end
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
creep | crept | crept |
feel | felt | felt |
feed | fed | fed |
meet | met | met |
+ V1 verbs ending in _d are changed to V2, V3 endings in _t
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
rend | rent | rent |
rebuild | rebuilt | rebuilt |
spend | spent | spent |
lend | lent | lent |
+ V1 verbs end in _m or _n, then V2 and V3 end in _t
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
burn | burnt | burnt |
learn | learnt | learnt |
mean | meant | meant |
dream | dreamt | dreamt |
Group 3: V1 contains i switch to V2 is a and V3 is u
This case is also quite common and used a lot in English, so keep this rule in mind so you don’t get confused in using the past word!
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
ring | rang | rung |
begin | began | begun |
drink | drank | drunk |
sink | sank | sunk |
Group 4: V1 ends with _ow, moves to V2 ends with _ew and V3 is _own
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
blow | blew | blown |
know | knew | known |
grow | grew | grown |
throw | threw | thrown |
Group 5: Verbs in the V1 form ending in _ear, when converted to V2 are _ore and V3 are _orn
* Except: The verb Hear ⇒ heard ⇒ heard does not follow this rule.
Example:
Base Form (V1) | Past Simple (V2) | Past Participle (V3) |
bear | bore | born |
tear | tore | torn |
swear | swore | sworn |
forbear | forbore | forborn |
Note:
In irregular verbs, there are still words made up of a verb stem and a prefix that precedes it. When changing those verbs from the present tense to the simple past or past participle, we only need to change the base verb and keep the prefix.
Therefore, when learning irregular verbs, just remembering the rules of the stem verbs is that you can completely transform the verbs that are formed from it.
How to Learn English Irregular Verbs in English Grammar
Learning English grammar can be relatively dry, especially with regular or enumerable English sections like this irregular verb lesson in English. However, you can completely make learning interesting in a few ways:
Learn through flashcards
Learning through flashcards helps you to remember actively because flashcards will help you arrange words in the most random way instead of mechanically remembering. Moreover, you can compete with your friends using flashcards as a game to make the lesson more interesting.
Practice making sentences
Making sentences is still the most recommended way to learn in the process of learning a language because of its initiative. Making sentences will help you fully understand how a word will be used in what situation with appropriate and correct usage.
Do verb conjugation exercises
Finally, practice and test your memory level by doing exercises. Exercises on English irregular verbs will help you memorize faster and practice reflexes when encountering a word.
Learn irregular verbs through songs
Learning English through songs is not a strange thing. And there are also a lot of songs to help memorize the irregular verb table in English naturally and remember longer.
Compared to single words, our brains absorb the melody of a song much faster and easier. Songs will help associate memorable tunes with words and content to learn. You will be surprised at your own learning ability when learning with music!
Learn irregular verbs through apps and online games
Currently, there is much software to learn English vocabulary and is highly appreciated. English Irregular Verbs is the application I used to learn irregular verbs in English. The application provides reading, usage of irregular verbs in English, and tests to increase reflexes. Besides, word learning games are also an effective way to practice.
Conclusion
Hopefully, the article on the list of irregular verbs in English grammar has brought you useful knowledge about irregular verbs in English. You can refer to other important English grammar knowledge with English Awesome right here!
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See more at: Grammar